Epitochem

Magnesium Hydroxide

Magnesium Hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide is a fine, white, odorless powder or a milky white suspension. It is practically insoluble in water but forms a smooth suspension that exhibits alkaline properties. It reacts slowly with gastric acid, releasing magnesium ions and water.

Chemical Name and CAS Registry Number:Magnesium hydroxide [1309-42-8]

Functional Category:Antacid; laxative; pH modifier; suspending agent

 

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Pharmacopeial Specifications:

  • Identification: Positive for magnesium and hydroxide
  • Assay (Mg(OH)â‚‚ content): 95.0%–100.5%
  • Loss on Ignition: 30.0%–33.0%
  • Acid Neutralizing Capacity: Not less than 110 mEq/g
  • Microbial Limits: Complies with pharmacopeial standards

Applications in Pharmaceutical Formulation:

  • Antacid: Used in chewable tablets and oral suspensions to neutralize gastric acid.
  • Laxative: Administered orally as a saline laxative, typically in milk of magnesia formulations.
  • pH Modifier: Acts as an alkalizing agent in some formulations.
  • Suspending Agent: Helps maintain uniformity in suspensions.

Comments:

Magnesium hydroxide is widely used for its dual action as an antacid and laxative. It has a rapid onset of action and a high acid-neutralizing capacity. In large doses, it may cause diarrhea, and it is often combined with aluminum-containing compounds to balance GI effects.

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