Pharmacopeial Specifications:
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Identification: Positive for aluminum and hydroxide
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Assay (Al(OH)₃ content): 76.5%–83.5%
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Loss on Ignition: ≤35%
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Acid-Neutralizing Capacity: ≥ 20 mEq/g
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pH (1% suspension): 6.0–8.0
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Microbial Limits: Complies with pharmacopeial standards
Applications in Pharmaceutical Formulation:
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Antacid: Used in suspensions and tablets to relieve symptoms of hyperacidity, indigestion, and peptic ulcer disease.
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Adsorbent: Binds toxins and gases in the GI tract.
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Emulsifying Agent: Occasionally used in vaccines as an adjuvant to enhance immune response.
Comments:
Aluminum hydroxide is a commonly used antacid with a slower onset and longer duration than magnesium-based antacids. It can cause constipation and is often combined with magnesium hydroxide to balance GI effects. It also plays a role in vaccine formulations due to its immunostimulatory properties.
